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construction of novel risk models, which achieved better patient selection for biopsy

compared with the other prediction tools alone. The novel models predict significant

cancer and can help reduce unnecessary biopsies.

897

The Next Generation of Prostate Cancer Risk Calculators

T. Hermanns, C. Poyet

899

Active Surveillance Versus Watchful Waiting for Localized Prostate Cancer: A Model to Inform Decisions

S. Loeb, Q. Zhou, U. Siebert, U. Rochau, B. Jahn, N. Mühlberger, H.B. Carter, H. Lepor,

R.S. Braithwaite

Active surveillance extends life more than watchful waiting, particularly for men

with higher-risk features, but this is partly offset by decrements in quality of life

from delayed treatment. Trade-offs about the intensity of surveillance should be

discussed with patients.

908

Real-time Watchful Surveillance Looks Like Active Waiting

C. Bangma, M. Roobol

910

Impact of Postoperative Radiotherapy in Men with Persistently Elevated Prostate-specific Antigen After Radical Prostatectomy for Prostate Cancer: A Long-term Survival Analysis

G. Gandaglia, S.A. Boorjian, W.P. Parker, E. Zaffuto, N. Fossati, M. Bandini, P. Dell’Oglio,

N. Suardi, F. Montorsi, R.J. Karnes, A. Briganti

Prognosis of patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) persistence varies

according to pathologic characteristics. Increasing PSA levels at 6–8 wk are

associated with a worse prognosis, exclusively in individuals with a higher risk

of cancer-specific mortality (CSM) according to their pathologic characteristics.

Postoperative radiotherapy could provide a benefit in terms of survival, particularly

in men with a risk of CSM of >20%.

918

Balancing Risks in Prostate-specific Antigen Recurrence: The Fox Versus the Hedgehog

B.F. Koontz

920

Gonadotropin-releasing Hormone Agonists, Orchiectomy, and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: Semi-ecologic, Nationwide, Population-based Study

F.B. Thomsen, F. Sandin, H. Garmo, I.F. Lissbrant, G. Ahlgren, M. Van Hemelrijck, J. Adolfsson,

D. Robinson, P. Stattin

We found no difference in the risk of cardiovascular disease or death between

gonadotrpin-releasing hormone agonists and orchiectomy as treatments

for prostate cancer. Accordingly, no evidence was found in favour of changing

the standard hormonal treatment for prostate cancer.

929

Type of Androgen Deprivation Therapy and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease

N.L. Keating

931

Recreational Physical Activity in Relation to Prostate Cancer–specific Mortality Among Men with Nonmetastatic Prostate Cancer

Y. Wang, E.J. Jacobs, S.M. Gapstur, M.L. Maliniak, T. Gansler, M.L. McCullough, V.L. Stevens,

A.V. Patel

In this large follow-up study of men diagnosed with nonmetastatic prostate cancer,

engaging in at least 17.5 metabolic equivalent hours or 5 h of moderate-intensity

activity per week may improve prostate cancer–specific survival and overall survival.

940

Why Epidemiological Studies of Physical Activity in Prostate Cancer Often Underestimate its Benefits

M.K. Downer

e u r o p e a n u r o l o g y , vo l . 7 2 , n o . 6 , D e c emb e r 2 0 1 7